Indian calendars

Sankranti and Solar Cycles: How Sun Transits Mark Seasonal Observances

Understanding Surya Sankranti, Makar Sankranti, and the 12 solar transits of the Hindu solar year.

By NaamSetu Editorial TeamPublished 6 September 20266 min read

A *Sankranti* marks the precise moment when the Sun transits from one zodiac sign (*Rashi*) into the next.

Track solar transit timings on [NaamSetu Panchang & Calendar](https://panchang.naamsetu.in/calendars).

## The 12 Sankrantis There are 12 Sankrantis in a solar year, each named after the sign entered (e.g., Mesha Sankranti, Karka Sankranti, Makar Sankranti).

## Makar Sankranti and Uttarayana Makar Sankranti marks the Sun's transit into Capricorn (Makar) and signifies the traditional onset of Uttarayana — the northward movement of the Sun.

Interactive Tool

Indian Festivals & Calendar

Explore Vikram/Saka Samvat dates, festivals, and fasting days.

Try Tool →

Continue reading

More on Indian calendars

Indian calendars

Ekadashi, Pradosh and Chaturthi: Choosing Auspicious Fasting Days

A guide to recurring lunar vrat days: Ekadashi (11th Tithi), Pradosh (13th Tithi), and Sankashti Chaturthi (4th Tithi).

6 Sept 20266 min read
Read article →

Indian calendars

Adhik Maas Explained: The Hindu Intercalary Month that Keeps Seasons Aligned

How the lunar year of 354 days is synchronized with the solar year of 365 days via an extra month every 32.5 months.

6 Sept 20267 min read
Read article →

Indian calendars

Purnimanta and Amanta Calendars: Regional Variations Across India

Why North Indian months end on Full Moon (Purnima) while South and West Indian months end on New Moon (Amavasya).

6 Sept 20266 min read
Read article →

Indian calendars

Vikram Samvat vs Saka Samvat: Two Great Eras of the Indian Calendar

An overview of the Vikram Samvat and Saka Samvat chronological eras, their origin dates, and regional usage.

6 Sept 20267 min read
Read article →